The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway  (LB&SCR) A1 Class 0-6-0T locomotive was designed by William  Stroudley. A total of 50 locomotives were built between 1872 and 1880.  Initially, the class were designed to haul commuter trains on the  heavily congested lines in South and South-East London, as well as  operating through the Marc Isambard Brunel designed Thames Tunnel. The  LB&SCR later introduced larger and more capable D Class locomotives  which began being used for most of the company's commuter trains.  Nonetheless, the reliability of the A1 class was such that most were put to other work or sold on to other railways rather than being scrapped.  Between 1911 and 1913 twelve of the A1s that had remined at the  LB&SCR were rebuilt with new boilers and extended smoke boxes to  become the A1X class along with a further four after the first world  war.

By 1923, at the formation of Southern Railway, 15  locomotives had remained in LB&SCR ownership, and these along with  another 9 locomotives which had been sold to other railways in the  region fell into Southern Railway ownership. Weight restrictions on many of the light railways inherited by the Southern Railway necessitated  that the light A1 class locomotives remain in service despite their old  age. One A1 locomotive and 14 A1X locomotives remained in service long  enough to enter into British Railway stock. Most of these remained in  the Southern Region, although one remained in the Western Region having  previously found its way into GWR ownership after been sold to the  Weston Clevedon & Portishead Railway which closed in 1940.

The Class remined in service until many of the lines they operated on were  eventually closed. The last of these was the line to Hayling Island  which was scheduled for closure in November 1963. With the impending  closure of the line, BR decided to withdraw the class from service. At  the time of her withdrawal, No. 32636 was the oldest working steam  engine in British Railways ownership. The final operational A1X with BR  was No. 32678, which remained in service until August 1963. The engines  were famously known as 'Terriers' due to the distinctive 'bark' of their exhaust beat.

Starting life as LBSCR No. 40, the  locomotive was built in March 1878 and served with the LBSCR until being sold to the Isle of Wight Railway in January 1902 where it was upgraded to A1X specification in August 1918. With grouping in 1923 the  locomotives fell into southern ownership before transferring to BR  ownership upon nationalisation. The locomotive served with BR until  September 1963 when it was sold to Butlin's for static display.